Infinity Pool design
From Dream Architecture to Engineering Precision
Infinity pools are not just beautiful — they are a statement. From their seamless mirror surfaces to the quiet elegance of their hydraulic systems, they represent the finest blend of architecture, engineering, and sensory experience.
But how exactly are these pools built? And what makes their construction so different from traditional pools?
In this guide, discover how an infinity pool works, what technical elements are required, and how to design one that blends perfectly with your landscape — whether on a hillside, in a tropical garden, or next to a luxury villa.
What is an infinity pool
Infinity edge pools — also known as zero-edge or negative edge pools — use an advanced overflow system: a reverse hydraulic mechanism that continuously skims the surface, ensuring clean water and optimal mixing of maintenance products. This setup offers superior water quality, enhanced energy efficiency, and reduced upkeep compared to traditional systems.
Looking for the essentials only? Skip to the summary of key points.
Construction features and surface options
Most infinity pools are made of reinforced concrete, applied either as poured concrete or shotcrete, allowing a wide range of shapes — from free-form to strict geometry. Depending on the site and project, builders may use steel or wooden formwork, lost formwork like concrete or polystyrene blocks, or even pre-fabricated kits and shells provided by manufacturers. These pools are typically built in-ground — either fully or partially buried — depending on the natural slope and soil conditions of the site. A variety of surface finishes can be selected to suit both aesthetic and functional needs: reinforced PVC membranes, fibreglass, mosaics, Pebble Tec, quartz, or polished aggregate. Each option comes with its own advantages in terms of appearance, feel, and maintenance level.
Further reading
Overflow system and circulation
To illustrate the system’s distinctiveness, a diagram is often used to compare a traditional skimmer pool with an overflow pool.
In conventional pools, wall-mounted skimmers draw in water, which is then filtered and returned via return inlets. This setup keeps the waterline approximately 15 cm below the coping.
In contrast, the water level in an infinity pool sits close to the coping edge. In deck-level or mirror pools, the waterline is perfectly aligned with the surrounding terrace, creating a calm, reflective surface.
What truly sets infinity pools apart is the filtration method: water doesn’t get pulled directly from the pool. Instead, it overflows into a peripheral gutter and flows into a balancing tank. From there, it’s filtered and pumped back into the basin through inlets located on the pool floor and walls. This continuous loop supports consistent water quality and ensures the aesthetic effect of the vanishing edge is maintained.
Importantly, this does not mean water is wasted. The same volume circulates — no more, no less — contrary to common misconceptions found online.
Architectural and visual impact
Seamless Horizon Effect: A negative edge pool creates the illusion of water extending infinitely to the horizon, merging with the landscape. This visual effect is especially striking when overlooking natural scenery.
Mirror-Like Surface: In zero-edge pools, the waterline aligns with the deck, creating a perfectly still surface that reflects the surroundings — sky, light, architecture.
Modern and Luxurious Appeal: Infinity pools, with their clean lines and minimalist forms, embody architectural sophistication and timeless luxury.
Enhanced Visual Space: By erasing the visible edge, the pool visually enlarges the property and creates a sense of openness and tranquillity.
Integration with Nature: These pools are designed to dissolve the boundary between built and natural environments — whether positioned in a garden, by the sea, or on a hillside.
Unique Water Features : The overflow edge can be designed to produce waterfalls or cascades, enhancing beauty and bringing a soothing acoustic element to the setting.
Versatile Design Options : Options: Infinity pools can be adapted to many configurations — organic or geometric — making them ideal for bespoke, high-end architectural settings.
Enhanced Property Value :With their high perceived value and strong emotional appeal, infinity pools can increase both the market value and desirability of a property.
Beyond the remarkable visual impact, infinity pools also offer significant technical advantages in terms of water quality and maintenance. However, they also involve budgetary and technical constraints to consider. Discover our complete analysis of advantages and disadvantages to evaluate whether this system is perfectly suited to your project.
Expert tips from Morana 👇
Technical integration that stays invisible
“The best infinity pools hide their complexity. Strategic placement of balance tanks, discrete gutter design, and seamless piping networks ensure the technical system never disrupts the visual experience.”
Built to last, designed to perform
“Investing in quality components and precise installation pays dividends. Proper hydraulic balance and structural engineering create pools that maintain their mirror effect year after year.”
Get your own bespoke infinity edge pool
The key components of infinity edge pool construction
When building a semi-inground or inground infinity pool, integrating a few specific components is essential to ensuring long-term reliability and user comfort. While these elements are not expensive, omitting them can lead to complications in usage and maintenance — whether indoors or outdoors.
Catch basin system
Without a balancing tank — also known as a surge tank — the pool cannot spill over. This essential component stores excess water before it is drawn into the filtration system. Its volume must be calculated carefully, taking into account the pool’s volume, the overflow length, and the expected number of bathers. An undersized tank risks spilling water during heavy rain or periods of intense use, while an oversized tank leads to unnecessary costs. Getting this balance right is critical to the pool’s performance and efficiency.
Want to dive deeper into balancing tank design and sizing? [Read our dedicated article here]
Water level controlers
Proper regulation in the balance tank helps prevent damage from insufficient water levels. Several cost-effective options exist: floats, probes, non-return valves, and automatic filling solenoid valves. Together, these devices automate the refill process and help avoid operational failures.
The gutter
The gutter collects overflow water and directs it to the balancing tank. Its position depends on the overflow type: - in a classic infinity pool, it sits directly under the vanishing edge; - in a zero-edge configuration, it surrounds the pool perimeter.
A properly designed gutter reduces turbulence and splashing, and contributes to maintaining a quiet, seamless water return — reinforcing both hydraulic performance and the mirror effect on the pool’s surface.
The piping network
Often invisible, the hydraulic network is the pool’s backbone. It ensures efficient water circulation, supports filtration, and contributes directly to the visual signature of the vanishing edge. A carefully designed piping layout also improves energy efficiency, makes maintenance easier, and ensures reliable long-term performance — especially in complex setups that integrate features such as spas or tanning ledges.
Tips for successful integration
Designing an infinity pool isn’t just about technical know-how — it’s about crafting a living space that blends perfectly with its surroundings. The following principles ensure both visual elegance and long-term harmony.
Location selection
Choose a naturally sloped area with an open view. The orientation should maximise sunlight, protect from prevailing winds, and offer a striking perspective — whether towards the sea, a garden, or the sky. A well-placed infinity pool becomes a true visual extension of the landscape.
Shape and size choice
The dimensions and form should be tailored to the property’s layout and aesthetic. Avoid oversized or overly complex shapes that may overpower the space or disrupt the balance with surrounding elements. Clean geometry and thoughtful proportions contribute to both serenity and sophistication.
Material and colours
Choose materials and colours that harmonise with the architecture and environment. Subtle contrasts or tone-on-tone palettes can emphasise the calm mirror effect. Reflective finishes enhance the pool’s visual integration with its surroundings, particularly under natural light.
Visual perspective and mirror effect
The beauty of a mirror pool lies in its stillness and symmetry. To preserve this effect, ensure precision in level alignment, coping edges, and surface finishes. Avoid accessories or elements that interrupt the reflection plane.
Coherence with architecture
From the terrace to the landscape, transitions must feel fluid and intentional. An infinity pool should reinforce the property’s architectural identity — not compete with it. Invisible technical elements, restrained materials, and sleek detailing elevate the design to a timeless standard.
Costs saving tips
Infinity edge pools are often perceived as a luxury accessible only to high-end projects. While it’s true that their design requires more precision and specific equipment, there are several ways to make them more affordable without compromising quality or performance.
By combining intelligent design choices and strategic planning, an infinity edge pool can become a financially viable investment — without sacrificing aesthetic impact or hydraulic efficiency.›
Summary of key points
Infinity pool construction combines architecture, hydraulics and structural precision. Below is a concise summary of the essential elements to ensure performance, durability and seamless design.
Design & Proportions
Respect of architecture, seamless integration with house and garden, precise alignment for visual harmony.
Hydraulic Precision
Balanced water circulation, hidden tanks, laser-level accuracy to keep the mirror effect perfectly uniform.
Materials & Longevity
High-quality concrete, finishes adapted to climate, and automation systems designed to simplify long-term use.
Conclusion
Infinity edge pools are not just a visual delight — they are a strategic investment in long-term comfort, water quality, and seamless integration with the landscape.
When designed with precision and built using well-balanced systems, these pools offer an elevated experience, both aesthetically and functionally.
Whether you’re dreaming of a mirror-like surface reflecting the sky, or a discreet cascade that disappears into the horizon, an expertly designed infinity pool adapts to your vision — and enhances the property that surrounds it.
Working with a professional designer ensures that each detail — from hydraulic flow to edge alignment — is handled with care.
It’s not just about building a pool. It’s about crafting a lasting harmony between architecture, water, and nature.
Infinity Pool – Frequently Asked Questions
Why do some infinity pools lose their mirror effect after a few months?
Edge level tolerance issues (1-2mm deviation) and inadequate balance tank sizing are the most common culprits. A laser-calibrated installation prevents these costly problems.
Can infinity pools work effectively in areas with heavy rainfall?
Yes, with properly sized overflow gutters and emergency drainage systems. Balance tank calculations must account for additional water volume during storms.
What's the biggest mistake in infinity pool hydraulic design?
Underestimating the importance of return inlet positioning and quantity. Poor placement creates uneven flow patterns that disrupt the vanishing edge effect and compromise water circulation efficiency.